Tree-land Management:

The TREELAND Eco-system occurs in Manas National Park in the following ways:-

1. Patches interspersed in the Grassland dominated blocks.

2. Continuous patch of Forest along the Indo-Bhutan boundary. The following are the blocks of TREELAND.
    

LIST OF MAMMALIA FOUND IN TREELAND

1. Capped langur (Presbytis pileatus)

2. Golden langur (Presbytis geei) Pan

3. Assamese Macaque (Macaca assamensis)

4. Rhesus Macaque (macaca mulatta)

5. Panther including Black Panther (Panthera pardus)

6. Clouded leopard (Neofelies nebulosa)

7. Leopard cat (Felis bengalensis)

8. The large Indian civet (Viverra zibetha)

9. The small Indian civet (Viverricula indica)

10. Common palm civet or Today cat (Paradoxurus hermophroditus)

11. Himalayan palm civet (Paguma larvata)

12. Binturong or Bear-cat (Arctictis binturong)

13. Common mongoose (Herpestes edwasdsi)

14. Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus)

15. Dhole (Cuon alpinus)

16. Jackle (Canis aureus)

17. Indian Fox (Vulpes bengalensis)

18. Himalayan black bear (Selenarctos thibetanus)

19. Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)

20. Yellow throated Martens (Martens flavigula)

21. Yellow belied weasel (Mustela kathiah)

22. Beared sheathtailed bat (Tophozous melanopogon)

23. Fulvous fruit fox (Roudettus lescheneuiti)

24. Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus)

25. Shortnosed fruit bat (Cynopterus sphinx)

26. Threestriped palm squirrel (Funambulus palmarun)

27. Fivestriped palm squirrel (Funamtulus pennanti)

28. Malayan giant squirrel (Ratufa bicolor)

29. Horybellied Himalayan squirrel (Collosciurus Pygerythrus)

30. Himalayan striped squirrel (Callosciurus macclellandi)

31. Particoloured Flying squirrel (Hylopetes alboniger)

32. Indian porcupine (Hystrix indica)

33. Rufoustaied Hare (Kepus nrgricollis ruficaudatus)

34. The Indian elephant (Elephas maximus)

35. The gaur or Indian Biscon (Bos gaurus)

36. Sambar (Cervus uniclor)

37. Muntjac or Barking deer (Muntiacus muntjack)

38. Wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Treeland- Woodland eco-system area supports the mammals- primates- reptiles- birds- amphibian spectrum and deserves equal attention. Since the ecosystem is generally illustrative of locally climax type displaying very good biohediversity and that this ecosystem has been a beating in pest from the illegal timber traders and the encroachers, it needs utmost protection.

GOALS

1. To sustain the Woodland areas of various types along with its fauna.

2. To preserve biodiversity and edge effects that this ecosystem affords.

STRATEGIES:-

Here, human intervention of the authorities will be limited to anti-poaching activities. The water sources will be developed to cater for water needs of the wild fauna. All major Grassaland fauna are also found to utilize the patches of forests and that shows that this ecosystem is also a part of habitat attributes the wild fauna require. The presence of various Fields and Mustellids in good numbers makes this ecosystem unique. Old, dead, decaying, dying timber species, hollows, snags, roosting sites must be left to Nature. Scientific studies must be carried out to evaluate the characteristics of such ‘hands off’ approach. In the matter of protection of rare fields it will be wise to put a research proposal forward so that we known better about these animals.

The amount of protection work in terms of anti- poaching activities must be vigorous as patrolling is not easy year round. There is a threat both to this ecosystem and the fauna therein from organized poaching/ trading circles. The authority must build up a law enforcement activity even outside the Park to check the Wildlife trade in Rare and endangered species and parts of their body. With the change in international illicit trade, the ‘Usability’ or ‘need’ of almost each of the part of an animal’s body is increasing manifold.
There is a time frame which is ‘immediate’ in this respect.

Equipments for this work range from personnel to High Tech gadgets (See list and cost required over next five years)

Varied mosaics of Habitats in the core Zone of MANAS TIGER RESERVE of tremendous multifarious wildlife values of many categories. Careful mapping and biodiversity enumeration has to be carried out in the first five years itself. The losses have to be worked out also.
The driver part comprising the belt of forest along the Indo-Bhutan Boundary should have at least Six Beats at-

1. Ruisingla

2. Garuchara

3. Rabang

4. Doimary

5. Semajhora

6. Kokilabari

Rainwater harvesting at this spots will be beneficial for both park staff and Wild animals. The route network system must be renewed and improved upon. Wireless facility must be designed to house a lot of people as well as departmental elephants. Further camps at Gabhorukhunda, Lafasari, Sikhlaijhar, Ouguri, Badaribil and Sukhanjan along with the restoration of the old road system are also required urgently. The staff should be given free ration in these camps so that for replenishment they do not have to come out frequently. A registered paramedic as well as a doctor must go round to monitor the health of the forest personnel.

The encroachers of the Panbari RF were effectively evicted twice. The eviction operations were partially successful. They were equally expensive and needed full time and planning along with the deputy commissioners and the superintendent of police of both the Bongaigaon and the Barpeta Districts. During the evictions, there were full blown possibilities of the Forest personnel coming under the attack of the encroachers. A good line of action is beyond the scope of this Management Plan.
 

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